Basic Shortcomings of Primary Education 

Vijay Garg 

 

 

There is a lot of talk about making quality and free primary education mandatory among the government's priorities, but the results the government machinery and schools are giving are worrying. It is well known how government schools fare in a country like India, leaving aside private institutions. There is also a bitter truth that in ancient times our childhood education, which can now be called primary, was different from the rest in the world. The world still gives an example of the oldest tradition of Gurukul.Is. For this reason India was called Vishwa Guru. Gurukuls were first influenced by the Mughals and then got closed by the British. In this system, punishment was not given, but during the Mughal era, a change was made and the teacher was punished. The British government even declared Gurukuls illegal. Examples are given of what the Gurukul system of primary education was like. Concerns of foreign scholars also came forward on how it was destroyed. Famous American writer, historian and philosopher William James Durant's book 'The StoreA lot has been written very clearly in 'Tree of Civilization'. Some of its lines show the truth, 'Our civilization originated from India. Sanskrit is the mother of all European languages. Our entire philosophy originates from Sanskrit. Our mathematics is its contribution. Democracy and self-governance also originate from India. See the irony that today pain is expressed about the education system in that country, but the truth is in front of us. In the same book he writes that 'In the case of India in a concrete manner, the former andI have proved to be very poor. Made two trips to the West before writing. See cities from north to south. In comparison to the old civilization, my knowledge is very insignificant and fragmentary. Its philosophy, literature, religion and art have no parallel in the world. The endless wealth of this country is still reflected in its ruined glory and its 'unarmed struggle for freedom'. Here I saw hard working people dying of hunger in front of me. This was not due to famine or population growth, but due to the tactics of British rule.Were living. This heinous crime against Indians has been recorded in history. Despite being an American, I condemn this atrocities of the British. When the British came to India, there was a well-organized education structure in the country. Children used to study in Gurukul. The British destroyed this ancient education system and promoted vocational schools. He destroyed half of the ancient education system as soon as he came. After this, education in India was not easy for the common people. There were seven lakh 32 thousand Gurukuls here till 1850. i.e. every villageThere was a primary school, whose education system was very advanced. In the year 1858, the 'Indian Education Act' was made, the draft of which was Macaulay. In this way, as part of a big conspiracy, conspiracies were hatched to end the existence of Gurukuls and paint them in western color and follow the policy of divide and rule. By suppressing the Gurukuls, such an education system was created that even after 77 years of independence, it seems to have gone astray. After India, Denmark was the first country in the world to introduce a government controlled system of compulsory mass education. hereSchools developed in 1721. In the year 1814, the report of the Coordination Commission became the basis of the education system. Whereas the English system of primary education in England developed in comparison to other countries of Western Europe. In the nineteenth century most primary education was provided by the Church, mainly to poor children. The government was not interested in expanding education. * Prepared a State Code of rules relating to the organization of primary schools in 1860 and adjusted it in 1862 2. quality of school curricula andA national system of monitoring the reading and writing levels of students was created. This involved funding for some schools and testing mathematics skills. It was decided. By the year 1900, North American countries, Australia, New Zealand and some countries of North-Western Europe played a leading role in the spread of school education. Most of the Northern European countries Enrollment in countries ranged from 60 to 75 percent, while in other regions, particularly Asia (except Japan), the Middle East, and North Africa, schooling coverage remained low.R was quite low. Japan had the most remarkable position in the nineteenth century in the spread of primary education. The expansion of primary education in Thailand was more successful than in Japan. It can be understood that its inspiration came from the Indian Gurukul system itself." The whole world understood the importance of education in Indian Gurukuls. There is no hesitation in saying that primary education, "which India started centuries ago with the Gurukul tradition, became the pioneer of the world. It gave a message to all on education, especially primary education. ButDue to hatred, mutual disunity and slavery, a conspiracy was hatched to end it. Macaulay's move was successful in this. Nevertheless, the world had understood the Indian message of the importance of child education. Be that as it may, India itself has highlighted the importance of mass education for nation building and strength. Was woken up. From slavery After independence, changes continued to take place in India regarding education, especially primary education. What an irony it is that a country with 100 percent literacy in 1823 came down to just 12 percent literacy in 1947. To deal with this challenge todayThese efforts are being made. Even after seventy-seven years of independence, the gap in education, gender, linguistic and geographical differences could not be bridged. This is clearly visible in primary education. According to the Annual Status of Education Report 2023, one in three eighth grade students cannot read at the level of a second grade student and more than half cannot do basic division. A quarter of 14 to 18 year olds are in their regional | Cannot read second grade text in languages ​​fluently. today government controlled primaryThere is a need to pay more attention to schools. In the new era, if we move towards strengthening our foundation by providing more facilities to teachers, a new environment will be created in the entire country. Teachers will also have to work with full dedication. By ending discrimination between rich-poor, caste and high-low in education, we can take the country back towards the Gurukul tradition.